Apprenticeship

Apprenticeship is a formalized method of training curriculum program that combines classroom education with on-the-job work under close supervision. The training curriculum is planned in advance and conducted in careful steps from day to day. Most trade apprenticeship programs have a duration of three to four years before an apprentice is considered completely accomplished in that trade or profession.
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Telecommuting

An estimated 15 to 20 million U.S. workers telecommute from home at least part of their work time. The advantages of telecommuting include better recruitment incentive for hiring, higher worker productivity resulting from less commute time, and better office space use efficiency. A disadvantage of telecommuting is the decrease in synergy achieved when workers are physically near one another.
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Just-in-time training

Just-in-time training (JITT) is employee training immediately prior to its usage in production. The advantage to implementing JITT is the shortened time between learning and application. JITT is usually offered and deployed through automated software training systems. When an employee requires new training, they log in to the appropriate software library and begin learning.
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Right to Work laws

Right to Work laws secure the right of employees to decide for themselves whether or not to join or financially support a union. Before passage of right to work laws as part of the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, an employee opting for non-union status could be fired even if the employee did not violate any of the employer's rules. There are currently twenty-two states with right to work provisions.
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Stock Options

Stock Options are options to purchase a predetermined number of company stock shares at a future date. The stock option owner gains if the company's stock price rises above the option price thus providing an incentive to improve the company performance and associated stock price. Stock options are usually vested over a period of time in order to compel employees to stay with the company.
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Defined contribution plans

A defined contribution plan is a retirement plan wherein a certain amount or percentage of money is set aside each year for the benefit of the employee. The benefits are based on the amount contributed and are also affected by income, expenses, gains and loses. Some examples of defined contribution plans include 401(K) plans, 403(b) plans, employee stock ownership plans and profit sharing plans.
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Unfilled jobs

A vacated or unfilled job within an organization results in tangible, measurable costs as well as intangible costs. The intangible costs include the uncompensated increased workloads other employees assume during the vacancy, the added stress and tension during and after the turnover, declining employee morale, and decreased work group synergy.
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